Integrand size = 21, antiderivative size = 154 \[ \int \frac {\cot ^4(c+d x)}{a+b \sin (c+d x)} \, dx=\frac {2 \left (a^2-b^2\right )^{3/2} \arctan \left (\frac {b+a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )}{\sqrt {a^2-b^2}}\right )}{a^4 d}-\frac {b \left (3 a^2-2 b^2\right ) \text {arctanh}(\cos (c+d x))}{2 a^4 d}+\frac {\left (4 a^2-3 b^2\right ) \cot (c+d x)}{3 a^3 d}+\frac {b \cot (c+d x) \csc (c+d x)}{2 a^2 d}-\frac {\cot (c+d x) \csc ^2(c+d x)}{3 a d} \]
[Out]
Time = 0.30 (sec) , antiderivative size = 154, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 7, number of rules used = 7, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.333, Rules used = {2804, 3134, 3080, 3855, 2739, 632, 210} \[ \int \frac {\cot ^4(c+d x)}{a+b \sin (c+d x)} \, dx=\frac {b \cot (c+d x) \csc (c+d x)}{2 a^2 d}+\frac {2 \left (a^2-b^2\right )^{3/2} \arctan \left (\frac {a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )+b}{\sqrt {a^2-b^2}}\right )}{a^4 d}-\frac {b \left (3 a^2-2 b^2\right ) \text {arctanh}(\cos (c+d x))}{2 a^4 d}+\frac {\left (4 a^2-3 b^2\right ) \cot (c+d x)}{3 a^3 d}-\frac {\cot (c+d x) \csc ^2(c+d x)}{3 a d} \]
[In]
[Out]
Rule 210
Rule 632
Rule 2739
Rule 2804
Rule 3080
Rule 3134
Rule 3855
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = \frac {b \cot (c+d x) \csc (c+d x)}{2 a^2 d}-\frac {\cot (c+d x) \csc ^2(c+d x)}{3 a d}-\frac {\int \frac {\csc ^2(c+d x) \left (2 \left (4 a^2-3 b^2\right )-a b \sin (c+d x)-3 \left (2 a^2-b^2\right ) \sin ^2(c+d x)\right )}{a+b \sin (c+d x)} \, dx}{6 a^2} \\ & = \frac {\left (4 a^2-3 b^2\right ) \cot (c+d x)}{3 a^3 d}+\frac {b \cot (c+d x) \csc (c+d x)}{2 a^2 d}-\frac {\cot (c+d x) \csc ^2(c+d x)}{3 a d}-\frac {\int \frac {\csc (c+d x) \left (-3 b \left (3 a^2-2 b^2\right )-3 a \left (2 a^2-b^2\right ) \sin (c+d x)\right )}{a+b \sin (c+d x)} \, dx}{6 a^3} \\ & = \frac {\left (4 a^2-3 b^2\right ) \cot (c+d x)}{3 a^3 d}+\frac {b \cot (c+d x) \csc (c+d x)}{2 a^2 d}-\frac {\cot (c+d x) \csc ^2(c+d x)}{3 a d}+\frac {\left (b \left (3 a^2-2 b^2\right )\right ) \int \csc (c+d x) \, dx}{2 a^4}+\frac {\left (a^2-b^2\right )^2 \int \frac {1}{a+b \sin (c+d x)} \, dx}{a^4} \\ & = -\frac {b \left (3 a^2-2 b^2\right ) \text {arctanh}(\cos (c+d x))}{2 a^4 d}+\frac {\left (4 a^2-3 b^2\right ) \cot (c+d x)}{3 a^3 d}+\frac {b \cot (c+d x) \csc (c+d x)}{2 a^2 d}-\frac {\cot (c+d x) \csc ^2(c+d x)}{3 a d}+\frac {\left (2 \left (a^2-b^2\right )^2\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{a+2 b x+a x^2} \, dx,x,\tan \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right )}{a^4 d} \\ & = -\frac {b \left (3 a^2-2 b^2\right ) \text {arctanh}(\cos (c+d x))}{2 a^4 d}+\frac {\left (4 a^2-3 b^2\right ) \cot (c+d x)}{3 a^3 d}+\frac {b \cot (c+d x) \csc (c+d x)}{2 a^2 d}-\frac {\cot (c+d x) \csc ^2(c+d x)}{3 a d}-\frac {\left (4 \left (a^2-b^2\right )^2\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{-4 \left (a^2-b^2\right )-x^2} \, dx,x,2 b+2 a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right )}{a^4 d} \\ & = \frac {2 \left (a^2-b^2\right )^{3/2} \arctan \left (\frac {b+a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )}{\sqrt {a^2-b^2}}\right )}{a^4 d}-\frac {b \left (3 a^2-2 b^2\right ) \text {arctanh}(\cos (c+d x))}{2 a^4 d}+\frac {\left (4 a^2-3 b^2\right ) \cot (c+d x)}{3 a^3 d}+\frac {b \cot (c+d x) \csc (c+d x)}{2 a^2 d}-\frac {\cot (c+d x) \csc ^2(c+d x)}{3 a d} \\ \end{align*}
Leaf count is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(350\) vs. \(2(154)=308\).
Time = 6.09 (sec) , antiderivative size = 350, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.27 \[ \int \frac {\cot ^4(c+d x)}{a+b \sin (c+d x)} \, dx=\frac {2 \left (a^2-b^2\right )^{3/2} \arctan \left (\frac {\sec \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right ) \left (b \cos \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )+a \sin \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right )}{\sqrt {a^2-b^2}}\right )}{a^4 d}+\frac {\left (4 a^2 \cos \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )-3 b^2 \cos \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right ) \csc \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )}{6 a^3 d}+\frac {b \csc ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )}{8 a^2 d}-\frac {\cot \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right ) \csc ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )}{24 a d}+\frac {\left (-3 a^2 b+2 b^3\right ) \log \left (\cos \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right )}{2 a^4 d}+\frac {\left (3 a^2 b-2 b^3\right ) \log \left (\sin \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right )}{2 a^4 d}-\frac {b \sec ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )}{8 a^2 d}+\frac {\sec \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right ) \left (-4 a^2 \sin \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )+3 b^2 \sin \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right )}{6 a^3 d}+\frac {\sec ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right ) \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )}{24 a d} \]
[In]
[Out]
Time = 0.46 (sec) , antiderivative size = 223, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.45
method | result | size |
derivativedivides | \(\frac {\frac {\frac {\left (\tan ^{3}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right ) a^{2}}{3}-\left (\tan ^{2}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right ) a b -5 \tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right ) a^{2}+4 \tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right ) b^{2}}{8 a^{3}}+\frac {\left (16 a^{4}-32 a^{2} b^{2}+16 b^{4}\right ) \arctan \left (\frac {2 a \tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+2 b}{2 \sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}}\right )}{8 a^{4} \sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}}-\frac {1}{24 a \tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{3}}-\frac {-5 a^{2}+4 b^{2}}{8 a^{3} \tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )}+\frac {b}{8 a^{2} \tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2}}+\frac {b \left (3 a^{2}-2 b^{2}\right ) \ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )}{2 a^{4}}}{d}\) | \(223\) |
default | \(\frac {\frac {\frac {\left (\tan ^{3}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right ) a^{2}}{3}-\left (\tan ^{2}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right ) a b -5 \tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right ) a^{2}+4 \tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right ) b^{2}}{8 a^{3}}+\frac {\left (16 a^{4}-32 a^{2} b^{2}+16 b^{4}\right ) \arctan \left (\frac {2 a \tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+2 b}{2 \sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}}\right )}{8 a^{4} \sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}}-\frac {1}{24 a \tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{3}}-\frac {-5 a^{2}+4 b^{2}}{8 a^{3} \tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )}+\frac {b}{8 a^{2} \tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2}}+\frac {b \left (3 a^{2}-2 b^{2}\right ) \ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )}{2 a^{4}}}{d}\) | \(223\) |
risch | \(-\frac {-12 i a^{2} {\mathrm e}^{4 i \left (d x +c \right )}+6 i b^{2} {\mathrm e}^{4 i \left (d x +c \right )}+3 a b \,{\mathrm e}^{5 i \left (d x +c \right )}+12 i a^{2} {\mathrm e}^{2 i \left (d x +c \right )}-12 i b^{2} {\mathrm e}^{2 i \left (d x +c \right )}-8 i a^{2}+6 i b^{2}-3 a b \,{\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}}{3 d \,a^{3} \left ({\mathrm e}^{2 i \left (d x +c \right )}-1\right )^{3}}+\frac {3 b \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}-1\right )}{2 a^{2} d}-\frac {b^{3} \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}-1\right )}{a^{4} d}+\frac {\sqrt {-a^{2}+b^{2}}\, \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}+\frac {i a +\sqrt {-a^{2}+b^{2}}}{b}\right )}{d \,a^{2}}-\frac {\sqrt {-a^{2}+b^{2}}\, b^{2} \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}+\frac {i a +\sqrt {-a^{2}+b^{2}}}{b}\right )}{d \,a^{4}}-\frac {\sqrt {-a^{2}+b^{2}}\, \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}+\frac {i a -\sqrt {-a^{2}+b^{2}}}{b}\right )}{d \,a^{2}}+\frac {\sqrt {-a^{2}+b^{2}}\, \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}+\frac {i a -\sqrt {-a^{2}+b^{2}}}{b}\right ) b^{2}}{d \,a^{4}}-\frac {3 b \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}+1\right )}{2 a^{2} d}+\frac {b^{3} \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}+1\right )}{a^{4} d}\) | \(417\) |
[In]
[Out]
none
Time = 0.52 (sec) , antiderivative size = 633, normalized size of antiderivative = 4.11 \[ \int \frac {\cot ^4(c+d x)}{a+b \sin (c+d x)} \, dx=\left [-\frac {6 \, a^{2} b \cos \left (d x + c\right ) \sin \left (d x + c\right ) - 4 \, {\left (4 \, a^{3} - 3 \, a b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{3} + 6 \, {\left ({\left (a^{2} - b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - a^{2} + b^{2}\right )} \sqrt {-a^{2} + b^{2}} \log \left (\frac {{\left (2 \, a^{2} - b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - 2 \, a b \sin \left (d x + c\right ) - a^{2} - b^{2} + 2 \, {\left (a \cos \left (d x + c\right ) \sin \left (d x + c\right ) + b \cos \left (d x + c\right )\right )} \sqrt {-a^{2} + b^{2}}}{b^{2} \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - 2 \, a b \sin \left (d x + c\right ) - a^{2} - b^{2}}\right ) \sin \left (d x + c\right ) - 3 \, {\left (3 \, a^{2} b - 2 \, b^{3} - {\left (3 \, a^{2} b - 2 \, b^{3}\right )} \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2}\right )} \log \left (\frac {1}{2} \, \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + \frac {1}{2}\right ) \sin \left (d x + c\right ) + 3 \, {\left (3 \, a^{2} b - 2 \, b^{3} - {\left (3 \, a^{2} b - 2 \, b^{3}\right )} \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2}\right )} \log \left (-\frac {1}{2} \, \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + \frac {1}{2}\right ) \sin \left (d x + c\right ) + 12 \, {\left (a^{3} - a b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (d x + c\right )}{12 \, {\left (a^{4} d \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - a^{4} d\right )} \sin \left (d x + c\right )}, -\frac {6 \, a^{2} b \cos \left (d x + c\right ) \sin \left (d x + c\right ) - 4 \, {\left (4 \, a^{3} - 3 \, a b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{3} + 12 \, {\left ({\left (a^{2} - b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - a^{2} + b^{2}\right )} \sqrt {a^{2} - b^{2}} \arctan \left (-\frac {a \sin \left (d x + c\right ) + b}{\sqrt {a^{2} - b^{2}} \cos \left (d x + c\right )}\right ) \sin \left (d x + c\right ) - 3 \, {\left (3 \, a^{2} b - 2 \, b^{3} - {\left (3 \, a^{2} b - 2 \, b^{3}\right )} \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2}\right )} \log \left (\frac {1}{2} \, \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + \frac {1}{2}\right ) \sin \left (d x + c\right ) + 3 \, {\left (3 \, a^{2} b - 2 \, b^{3} - {\left (3 \, a^{2} b - 2 \, b^{3}\right )} \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2}\right )} \log \left (-\frac {1}{2} \, \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + \frac {1}{2}\right ) \sin \left (d x + c\right ) + 12 \, {\left (a^{3} - a b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (d x + c\right )}{12 \, {\left (a^{4} d \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - a^{4} d\right )} \sin \left (d x + c\right )}\right ] \]
[In]
[Out]
\[ \int \frac {\cot ^4(c+d x)}{a+b \sin (c+d x)} \, dx=\int \frac {\cos ^{4}{\left (c + d x \right )} \csc ^{4}{\left (c + d x \right )}}{a + b \sin {\left (c + d x \right )}}\, dx \]
[In]
[Out]
Exception generated. \[ \int \frac {\cot ^4(c+d x)}{a+b \sin (c+d x)} \, dx=\text {Exception raised: ValueError} \]
[In]
[Out]
none
Time = 0.47 (sec) , antiderivative size = 273, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.77 \[ \int \frac {\cot ^4(c+d x)}{a+b \sin (c+d x)} \, dx=\frac {\frac {a^{2} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{3} - 3 \, a b \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{2} - 15 \, a^{2} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) + 12 \, b^{2} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )}{a^{3}} + \frac {12 \, {\left (3 \, a^{2} b - 2 \, b^{3}\right )} \log \left ({\left | \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) \right |}\right )}{a^{4}} + \frac {48 \, {\left (a^{4} - 2 \, a^{2} b^{2} + b^{4}\right )} {\left (\pi \left \lfloor \frac {d x + c}{2 \, \pi } + \frac {1}{2} \right \rfloor \mathrm {sgn}\left (a\right ) + \arctan \left (\frac {a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) + b}{\sqrt {a^{2} - b^{2}}}\right )\right )}}{\sqrt {a^{2} - b^{2}} a^{4}} - \frac {66 \, a^{2} b \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{3} - 44 \, b^{3} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{3} - 15 \, a^{3} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{2} + 12 \, a b^{2} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{2} - 3 \, a^{2} b \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) + a^{3}}{a^{4} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{3}}}{24 \, d} \]
[In]
[Out]
Time = 12.18 (sec) , antiderivative size = 654, normalized size of antiderivative = 4.25 \[ \int \frac {\cot ^4(c+d x)}{a+b \sin (c+d x)} \, dx=\frac {{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^3}{24\,a\,d}-\frac {{\mathrm {cot}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^3}{24\,a\,d}+\frac {5\,\mathrm {cot}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}{8\,a\,d}-\frac {5\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}{8\,a\,d}+\frac {3\,b\,\ln \left (\frac {\sin \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}{\cos \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}\right )}{2\,a^2\,d}-\frac {b^3\,\ln \left (\frac {\sin \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}{\cos \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}\right )}{a^4\,d}+\frac {b\,{\mathrm {cot}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^2}{8\,a^2\,d}-\frac {b^2\,\mathrm {cot}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}{2\,a^3\,d}-\frac {b\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^2}{8\,a^2\,d}+\frac {b^2\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}{2\,a^3\,d}+\frac {\mathrm {atan}\left (\frac {2\,a^5\,\cos \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )\,\sqrt {-a^6+3\,a^4\,b^2-3\,a^2\,b^4+b^6}+8\,b^5\,\sin \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )\,\sqrt {-a^6+3\,a^4\,b^2-3\,a^2\,b^4+b^6}-7\,a^3\,b^2\,\cos \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )\,\sqrt {-a^6+3\,a^4\,b^2-3\,a^2\,b^4+b^6}-16\,a^2\,b^3\,\sin \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )\,\sqrt {-a^6+3\,a^4\,b^2-3\,a^2\,b^4+b^6}+4\,a\,b^4\,\cos \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )\,\sqrt {-a^6+3\,a^4\,b^2-3\,a^2\,b^4+b^6}+7\,a^4\,b\,\sin \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )\,\sqrt {-a^6+3\,a^4\,b^2-3\,a^2\,b^4+b^6}}{2{}\mathrm {i}\,\sin \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )\,a^8-5{}\mathrm {i}\,\cos \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )\,a^7\,b-16{}\mathrm {i}\,\sin \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )\,a^6\,b^2+14{}\mathrm {i}\,\cos \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )\,a^5\,b^3+34{}\mathrm {i}\,\sin \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )\,a^4\,b^4-13{}\mathrm {i}\,\cos \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )\,a^3\,b^5-28{}\mathrm {i}\,\sin \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )\,a^2\,b^6+4{}\mathrm {i}\,\cos \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )\,a\,b^7+8{}\mathrm {i}\,\sin \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )\,b^8}\right )\,\sqrt {-{\left (a+b\right )}^3\,{\left (a-b\right )}^3}\,2{}\mathrm {i}}{a^4\,d} \]
[In]
[Out]